In the province of Burgos almost 370.000 persons live, and 60 per cent
they live concentrated on three principal municipalities: Burgos, with 160.000;
Miranda de Ebro and Aranda de Duero.
Placed in Subplateau North, his waters spill to three seas to
turn of the rivers Duero, Ebro and Cadagua. The scenery comes constituted
for a miscellany of paramera, saw and vale, combined well synthesis of
the interior Spain.
With a surface of 14269 km ², the Province spreads from the Cantabrian Mountain range
up to another shore of the Duero. It was constituted by tertiary sediments of
depression of the Duero, dissected by this river and his tributaries.
Of the Cuenca of the Duero The Saw is a part, basically of the party of Rooms of
Infantes, the Comaracas of Villadiego and of Castrojeriz, the Alfoz of Burgos in the course of
Arlanzón, the Earths of Lerma watered by the Arlanza and the Bank of the Duero, to one and other
side of Aranda de Duero.
The vale of the Ebro on his part occupies almost a third of
the provincial surface. In this zone the Merindades is basically,
distributed concerning Medina de Pomar and Villarcayo, the moorland of the Female parrot with
Sedano as capital of historical recognized importance, the fertile basin of the Bureba
with center in Briviesca, Miranda de Ebro and Treviño.
The rest of the province takes part of two mountainous systems that frame it:
- The Iberian System that penetrates in Burgos for the high moorlands of the Female parrot,
prolonging the high levels of the paramera up to the south of the capital. To this System
the Saw of the Demand belongs, with one of the maximum elevations of the province
Peak of San Millán (2.134 m) limit of Burgos with La Rioja and Soria.
- The Cantabrian mountain range, to which there belongs all the north of the province, integrated
in the administrative area of Villarcayo.
They bring in so in the province three important geographical units: the humid Spain,
vale of the Ebro and the Plateau, which does of Burgos a crossroads of several sceneries;
high mountains happen, as those of the saw of the Demand, peaks of Urbión (2.253 m),
mounts of Goose (996 m.), Rocks of Cervera (1.413 m) or saw of Covarrubias, high plateaus
or moorlands, ravines (Pancorbo), brokers (The Bureba), vales and fluvial countries
(as those of Ore, watered by the Cadagua, bank of the Ebro, Duero, Arlanza, Arlanzón and
Pisuerga); it has a complex and rich morphologic diversity and of relief in that
they alternate the lime materials and clayish.
The climate is
continental, determined for the considerable average altitude (700 meters) and the presence of
wall of the Cantabrian mountain range, which stops the influence the Atlantic Ocean; the temperature
it diminishes with the height, for what zones of snow exist in the highest massifs
you perpetuate. The thermal oscillation performs the order of 17 °, the winter is long and hard
(four months with averages lower than 6 °) and in cardinal Burgos, placed to 856 m of
altitude, the temperature of January is 2 ' 5 °C average; the summers are dry
and the annual average temperature is 10 °C. The precipitations are scarce, and they range
between 380 mm per year of Aranda de Duero and 480 mm of cardinal Burgos, although
it increases in the areas of mountain. The Duero and the Ebro cross the opposite ends of
province, dividing her in two basins. The tributaries of the Ebro are the most deep
(Goose) and those of the Duero the longest (Arlanzón, Arlanza, Esgueva).
The steppe is
natural vegetation of the parameras, in competition with the cultures of cereals in
áre-grasp more suitable. Forests of coniferous prevail in the Iberian System. In the mounts
The Cantabrian Mountains the oak wood alternates with the grasslands. Principally we find vegetation of
junipers, holm oaks, lentiscos and carrascales, and still important forest masses exist of
pine, oak, reroll and beech.
Burgos is one
province scantly inhabited, with a population density that has been supported during
last 50 years much underneath of the national average. The increase of the population
absolute between 1900 and 1950 it was slightly important (of 338.822 hab. It happened to 397.048) and
from 30.000 to 82.000 happened hab. From 1950 the slow one but the continued one begins
descent caused by the emigration towards Madrid and Biscay and for the low birthrate. From
1900 the migratory balances were always already unfavorable, his negatividad being accentuated
in the epoch later to 1950. The urban population is scarce.
